Vasculopatia Livedóide: Uma Revisão de 5 Casos Clínicos
Resumo
A vasculopatia livedóide é uma dermatose trombo-oclusiva incomum que se manifesta com lesões eritemato-purpúricas punctiformes e úlceras extremamente dolorosas, preferencialmente no terço inferior das pernas. Apresentam-se cinco doentes com vasculopatia livedóide, três homens e duas mulheres, com idades entre os 24 e os 54 anos, sem antecedentes pessoais relevantes. O diagnóstico foi confirmado por biópsia em quatro casos. O estudo de trombofilias revelou heterozigotias do gene MTHFR em dois casos. A terapêutica efetuada pelos cinco doentes incluiu venotrópicos, antitrombóticos, anticoagulantes, imunossupressores e imunoglobulina endovenosa. Apenas um doente mantém controlo insatisfatório da doença. A etiopatogenia da vasculopatia livedóide permanece incerta. Pode surgir no contexto de trombofilias hereditárias ou adquiridas, autoimunidade ou neoplasias. Estas alterações deverão ser excluídas, embora grande parte dos casos permaneça idiopática, o que contribui para a dificuldade na abordagem terapêutica. Os autores pretendem salientar a importância do Dermatologista no diagnóstico de uma patologia provavelmente subdiagnosticada, mas que condiciona morbilidade significativa.
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