GENITAL ULCERS CAUSED BY CYTOMEGALOVIRUS
Abstract
The cytomegalovirus infection is prevalent in developed countries. The natural history of disease includes three phases: primoinfection (majority is asymptomatic), latency and reactivation. In certain immunosuppressive states, as in the case of transplantation and HIV infection, the virus can reactivate, occurring cutaneous manifestations, of what stands out the occurrence of genital ulcers. In these, co-infection with other etiologic agents is common, particularly with the herpes simplex virus, leading to more severe manifestations and difficulty in the differential diagnosis. In this context, it is relevant to know the pathogenesis of this virus and the diagnostics means available in order to optimize its therapy.
Downloads
References
Garib G, Hughey L, Elmets CA, Cafardi JA, Andea A. Atypical presentation of exophytic herpes simplex virus type 2 with concurrent cytomegalovirus infection: a significant pitfall in diagnosis. Am J Dermatopathol. 2013;35:371-6.
Viglioglia PA. Infección por citomegalovirus atención a sus manifestaciones cutâneas. Act Terap Dermatol.
; 30:298.
Sewell CA, Anderson JR. Cytomegalovirus disease in the lower female genital tract. AIDS Patient Care STDS.
; 15:459-62.
Guo R, Gebreab FH, Tang H, Piao Z, Lee S, Perez M. Cutaneous ulcer as leading symptom of systemic cytomegalovirus
infection. Case Rep Infect Dis. 2015; 723962.
Gouveia AI, Borges-Costa J, Soares-Almeida L, Sacramento-Marques M, Kutzner H. Herpes simplex virus and
cytomegalovirus co-infection presenting as exuberante genital ulcer in a woman infected with human immmunodeficiency
virus. Clin Exp Dermatol, 2014; 39:915-7.
Choi Y, Kim J, Jang K, Kim DS, Sim WS, Lee JH, et al. Characteristics of cutaneous cytomegalovirus infection in
non-acquired immune deficiency syndrome, immunocompromised patients. Br J Dermatol. 2006; 155:977-82.
Lambert EM, Strasswimmer J, Lazova R, Antaya RJ. Cytomegalovirus ulcer. Successful treatment with valganciclovir.
Arch Dermatol. 2004; 140:1199-201.
Dauden E, Fernandez-Buezo G, Fraga J. Mucocutaneous presence of cytomegalovirus associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection: discussion regarding its pathogenetic role. Arch Dermatol. 2001; 137:443-8.
Schoenfeld, J, Cannon, S, Cam, k, Keller M. Cutaneous co-infected cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus
perigenital ulcers in human immunodeficiency virus patients. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2013; 6:41-3.
Moodley M, Chetty R, Moodley J. Vulval cytomegalovirus coexisting with herpes simplex virus in a patient with
human immunodeficiency virus infection. BJOG. 2003; 110:1123-4.
Toome BK, Bowers KE, Scott GA. Diagnosis of Cutaneous Cytomegalovirus Infection: a review and report of a case.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 1991; 24:857-63.
Tan HH, Goh CL. Viral infections affecting the skin in organ transplant recipients: epidemiology and current management
strategies. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2006; 7:3-29.
Brito, M, Arruda D, Roselino A, Tarquínio D, Costa R. Tzanck smears: an old but useful diagnostic tool. An Bras
Dermatol. 2009; 84:431-3.
Ruocco E, Brunetti G, Vecchio M Del, Ruocco V. The practical use of cytology for diagnosis in dermatology. J Eur
Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2011; 25:125-9.
All articles in this journal are Open Access under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).
